Table 2 Description of the five scenarios run as part of the accelerated technology development (ATD) scenarios.

ATD Bioenergy

All five bioenergy technologies were accelerated together. No acceleration of any other technologies

LC-Acctech (60%) without fuel cells

All technologies (wind, marine, bioenergy, solar PV, coal CCS, and nuclear) accelerated together to achieve a 60% reduction in carbon emissions by 2050

LC-Acctech (80%) without fuel cells

All technologies (wind, marine, bioenergy, solar PV, coal CCS, and nuclear) accelerated together to achieve an 80% reduction in carbon emissions by 2050

LC-Acctech (60%) with fuel cells

All technologies (wind, marine, bioenergy, solar PV, coal CCS, nuclear and fuel cells) accelerated together to achieve a 60% reduction in carbon emissions by 2050

LC-Acctech (80%) with fuel cells

All technologies (wind, marine, bioenergy, solar PV, coal CCS, nuclear and fuel cells) accelerated together to achieve an 80% reduction in carbon emissions by 2050