Table 1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains used in the study.

USM21

Polyploid industrial strain

[35]

TMB3400

USM21 (his3:: YipXR/XDH/XK) + random mutagenesis – produces XR, XDH, XK

[20]

CEN.PK 113-7A

Laboratory strain MATa his3-Δ1 MAL2-8c SUC2

[36]

TMB3290

CEN.PK 113-7A (MATa his3-Δ1 MAL2-8c SUC2) his3::YipXDH/XK – produces XDH, XK

This work

TMB3001

CEN.PK 113-7A (MATa his3-Δ1 MAL2-8c SUC2) his3::YipXR/XDH/XK – produces XR, XDH, XK

[34]

TMB3260

TMB3001 PGK1p-XYL1 – Overproduces XR

[22]