Figure 3

The influence of substrate loading (A), enzyme loading (B), and cell concentration (C) on ethanol yield in SSF of different materials: pretreated barley straw (black circle) [121], pretreated spruce (black diamond) [117, 149], pretreated salix (black square) [120], pretreated willow (black triangle) [122] and pretreated corn stover (×) [150].