A short review on SSF – an interesting process option for ethanol production from lignocellulosic feedstocks

Table 3 Brief summary of SSF experiments carried out on both hexose and pentose sugars.

Raw material	Type of pretreatment	Amount of solids	Detoxification	Temp (°C)	Strain	Cultivation on hydrolyzate	Final ethanol conc. (g L^-1)	Ethanol yield (%) ¹	Mode of operation ²	Year and reference
Barley straw	Steam	7.5% WIS	No	35	S. cerevisiae TMB3400	Yes	22.0	63	Batch	2007 [155]
Wheat straw	Steam	7% WIS	No	34	S. cerevisiae TMB3400	Yes	32.9	75	Batch	2008 [113]
Wheat straw	Steam	7% WIS	No	34	S. cerevisiae TMB3400	Yes	34.7	78	Fed-batch	2008 [113]
Wheat straw	Steam	9% WIS	No	34	S. cerevisiae TMB3400	Yes	33.2	59	Batch	2008 [113]
Wheat straw	Steam	9% WIS	No	34	S. cerevisiae TMB3400	Yes	38.1	71	Fed-batch	2008 [113]
Sugar cane bagasse	Steam	7.5% WIS	No	32	S. cerevisiae TMB3400	Yes	26.7	59 *	Batch	2008 [128]
Sugar cane bagasse	Steam	7.5% WIS	No	35	P. stipitis CBS6054	Yes	19.5	43 *	Batch	2008 [128]
Corn stover	Steam	10% WIS	No	35	S. cerevisiae TMB3400	Yes	30.3	54	Batch	2006 [112]
Corn stover	Steam	11% WIS	No	35	S. cerevisiae TMB3400	Yes	36.8	59	Fed-batch	2006 [112]

1. Based on maximal theoretical ethanol yield on available hexoses and pentoses (in most cases glucose and xylose).
2. Batch and fed-batch refers to SSF in bioreactor/fermenter.