Biodetoxification of toxins generated from lignocellulose pretreatment using a newly isolated fungus, Amorphotheca resinae ZN1, and the consequent ethanol fermentation

Table 7 Growth behaviors of Amorphotheca resinae ZN1 using lignin derivative toxins as the sole carbon sources^a

Time (days)	Vanillin			Sesamol		4-hydroxybenzaldehyde		Guaiacol		Phenol
	1.7	3.3	5.0	1.7	3.3	1.7	3.3	1.9	3.7	1.7	3.3
1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
2	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	+	-
3	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
4	++	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
5	++	++	+	++	+	++	+	++	+	++	+
7	+++	++	+	+++	+++	+++	++	+++	+++	+++	++
9	+++	++	+	+++	+++	+++	++	+++	+++	+++	++

^aSubstrate loading unit: mg/g DM.-indicates no mycelium growth on the CS; + indicates the fungal mycelium was observable but minimal; ++ indicates the fungal mycelium grew quickly and covered the surface of the solids medium of the flask. Thoroughly washed dilute acid-pretreated CS with fungal inocula in the flasks was cultured at 25°C for 9 days in the static incubator.

ISSN: 2731-3654

Time (days)	Vanillin			Sesamol		4-hydroxybenzaldehyde		Guaiacol		Phenol
	1.7	3.3	5.0	1.7	3.3	1.7	3.3	1.9	3.7	1.7	3.3
1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
2	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	+	-
3	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
4	++	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
5	++	++	+	++	+	++	+	++	+	++	+
7	+++	++	+	+++	+++	+++	++	+++	+++	+++	++
9	+++	++	+	+++	+++	+++	++	+++	+++	+++	++

Time (days)	Vanillin			Sesamol		4-hydroxybenzaldehyde		Guaiacol		Phenol
	1.7	3.3	5.0	1.7	3.3	1.7	3.3	1.9	3.7	1.7	3.3
1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
2	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	+	-
3	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
4	++	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
5	++	++	+	++	+	++	+	++	+	++	+
7	+++	++	+	+++	+++	+++	++	+++	+++	+++	++
9	+++	++	+	+++	+++	+++	++	+++	+++	+++	++

Time (days)	Vanillin			Sesamol		4-hydroxybenzaldehyde		Guaiacol		Phenol
	1.7	3.3	5.0	1.7	3.3	1.7	3.3	1.9	3.7	1.7	3.3
1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
2	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	+	-
3	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
4	++	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
5	++	++	+	++	+	++	+	++	+	++	+
7	+++	++	+	+++	+++	+++	++	+++	+++	+++	++
9	+++	++	+	+++	+++	+++	++	+++	+++	+++	++