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Table 6 Overall utilities used in ethanol making process using hot water and steam explosion pretreatment (2010 prices)

From: Impact of pretreatment and downstream processing technologies on economics and energy in cellulosic ethanol production

 

Hot water

Steam Explosion

Utility

Amount (kg/L EtOH)

Annual cost $ (%)

Cost (¢/L EtOH)

Amount (kg/L EtOH)

Annual cost $ (%)

Cost (¢/L EtOH)

Electricity (KWh)a

0.52

2161442 (50.9)

3.64

0.58

2165478 (59.7)

4.05

Steam

6.01

0.00

0.00

4.03

0.00

0.00

Cooling Water

570.00

1691500 (39.9)

2.85

401.44

1074393 (29.6)

2.00

Chilled Water

0.84

19949 (0.5)

0.03

0.89

19034 (0.5)

0.04

CT Water

89.23

370702 (8.7)

0.63

98.94

370702 (10.2)

0.69

Steam (High P)

0.42

0.00

0.00

0.62

0.00

0.00

  1. a These electricity values did not account for electricity required for cooling and chilled water