Figure 1

Hierarchical clustering of active species. Heatmap showing the mean activities and clustering of 86 species of plant pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi when assayed for hydrolysis of eight polysaccharide substrates [XG, xyloglucan (from tamarind); FP, filter paper; AL, alfalfa; SS, soybean stems; SG, switchgrass; CS, corn stalks; AXW, arabinoxylan (from wheat); XY, xylan (from birch)]. Weakly and inactive species were excluded. Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 was excluded because of its unusual hydrolytic activities. Negative estimations of reducing sugars were adjusted to zero and data were standardized within substrates by subtracting the substrate mean and dividing by the standard deviation. Dendrogram and ordering was determined using the distance matrix computation (dist) and hierarchical clustering (hclust) functions in R. Red colors indicate values greater than the substrate mean, while blue colors indicate values less than the mean. Column Z-score and color intensity indicate how many standard deviations the species mean is from the substrate mean.