Elucidating the role of ferrous ion cocatalyst in enhancing dilute acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass

Table 1 The generation of reducing sugar ends from filter paper and cotton linter after dilute acid and/or metal pretreatments

Pretreatments	Reducing sugar ends^a	Average increase or decrease over control
FP control (0.5% H₂SO₄)	1.92 ± 0.07
FP (5 mM FeSO₄ in ddH₂O)	0.88 ± 0.05	-54%**
FP (0.5% H₂SO₄ + 0.5 mM FeSO₄)	2.47 ± 0.13	28%**
FP (0.5% H₂SO₄ + 5 mM FeSO₄)	2.32 ± 0.16	20%*
CL control (0.5% H₂SO₄)	1.68 ± 0.06
CL (5 mM FeSO₄ in ddH₂O)	1.04 ± 0.05	-38%**
CL (0.5% H₂SO₄ + 0.5 mM FeSO₄)	2.23 ± 0.13	32%**
CL (0.5% H₂SO₄ + 5 mM FeSO₄)	2.17 ± 0.15	29%**

CL = cotton linter; ddH₂O = distilled deionized water; FP = filter paper. ^aGlucose equivalent in grams per 100 g of FP or CL residue. Values are presented as means ± SE of three replicate experiments for each of the pretreatments. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 represent statistically significant difference from the control.

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