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Table 1 Effect of sonication treatment on composition and bioavailability of total carbohydrate components

From: Ultrasonic disintegration of microalgal biomass and consequent improvement of bioaccessibility/bioavailability in microbial fermentation

Sonication time, min

0

15

60

 

Non-sonicated

Fermented

Sonicated

Sonicated/fermented

Sonicated

Sonicated/fermented

Total carbohydrate, g g-1

0.37 (0.01)a

0.22

0.37 (0.12)

0.08

0.39 (0.13)

0.09

Glucose (%)

66.38

31.90

63.67

8.03

60.40

7.62

Mannose (%)

21.76

18.81

24.33

2.78

25.60

2.67

Galactose (%)

5.94

5.68

8.66

8.04

10.22

10.12

Glucosamine (%)

5.92

3.06

3.34

2.78

3.78

2.66

  1. a The values in the parentheses show the concentrations of dissolved carbohydrates (g-carbohydrate g-1-biomass).
  2. Sonication pretreatment of algal biomass was conducted at 45°C for 15 or 60 min. Both non-sonicated and sonicated algal biomass were mixed with an equivalent volume of fermenting bacteria and subsequently fermented at 35°C for 23 days. Other common monomeric dissolved carbohydrates (such as fucose, rhamnose, and galactosamine) were not detected.