Bioethanol from poplar: a commercially viable alternative to fossil fuel in the European Union

Table 2 Compositions of hybrid poplar and genetically lignin-modified poplar biomass

	Glucan	Xylan	Galactan	Arabinan	Mannan	Lignin	Ash	Extractives	Reference
Hybrid Poplar Caudina	45.3%	15.5%	1.0%	1.0%	2.1%	28.2%	2.0%	5.0%	[39]
Genetically lignin-modified poplar (C3’H-14)^a	55.1%	22.8%	1.0%	0.5%	1.8%	11.3%	2.2%	5.4%	[34]

^aThis lignin modified poplar is down-regulated for p-coumarate 3’-hydroxylase, an enzyme involved in lignin biosynthesis. The genetically modified variety has 56% less lignin as compared to its non-modified control [34]_.

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