Table 5 Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis of bio-oil products of duckweed, azolla and microalgae pyrolysis

4.3

Toluene

Toluene

4.9

3-Methyl furan and/or 3-Cyclopenten-1,2 diol

5.2

Tetrahydro-4H-pyran-4-ol

5.5

4-Cyclohexene-1,2-diol

5.58

2-Methyl-1H-Pyrrole

5.72

2,4,5-Trimethyl 1H-imidazole

5.8

1,2-Diemthyl-2-pyrroline

6.18

Piperidine

6.33

Phenol

Phenol

Phenol

6.72

2,3-Dimethyl-1H-Pyrrole

2,3-Dimethyl-1H-Pyrrole

6.83

4-Ethyl-2-methyl-1H- pyrrole

7.38

2-Methyl phenol

2-Methyl phenol

2-Methyl phenol

7.9

3-Methyl phenol

3-Methyl phenol

3-Methyl phenol

8.3

3-Ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole

8.38

3-Ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole

8.77

4-Methyl phenol

9.28

Dodecane

9.33

2-Isopropylpyrazine

9.43

3-Ethyl-2,4,5-Trimethyl-1H-Pyrrole

9.67

4-Ethyl phenol

10.13

2-Ethyl phenol

10.67

Tridecane

Tridecane

10.83

Indole

11.77

Indolizine

Indolizine

Indolizine

11.98

Tetradecane

Tetradecane

Tetradecane

12.83

3-Methyl Indolizine

3-Methyl Indolizine

13.23

Pentadecane

Pentadecane

Pentadecane

13.37

4-Methyl 1H-indole

14.43

Hexadecane

Hexadecane

Hexadecane

15.28

6,9-Heptadecadiene

15.37

1,15-Pentadecanediol

15.38

8-Heptadecane

15.57

Heptadecane

Heptadecane

Heptadecane

15.93

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecene

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecene

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecene

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecene

16.65

Octadecane

Octadecane

17.1 to 17.55

Isomers of 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol (phytol)

Various isomers of 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol (phytol)

Various isomers of 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol (phytol)

Various isomers of 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol (phytol)

17.8

Nonadecane

18.25

Palmitoleic acid

Palmitoleic acid

18.65

Eicosane (C₂₀)

19.58

Heneicosane (C₂₁)

19.75

Linolenic acid