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Table 4 Sugars and organic acids in the HTT liquid fraction

From: Ensiling and hydrothermal pretreatment of grass: consequences for enzymatic biomass conversion and total monosaccharide yields

Biomass

Grass

Grass silage

HTT temperature

170

180

190

170

180

190

 

(w/w)% of DM

(w/w)% of DM

Glucose

9.7a

10.5a

10.1a

1.8c

2.4b

2.3b

Xylose

3.8f

8.4d

17.2a

5.8e

12.4c

14.9b

Galactose

1.4d

2.1b

2.6a

1.4d

2.0b

1.7c

Arabinose

2.1d

3.1b

3.8a

2.5c

2.9b

2.4c

Fructose

3.0a

2.9a

2.0b

0.5c

0.6c

0.3d

Total sugars

20.0

27.1

35.7

12.1

20.3

21.7

Lactic acid

0.10b

0.39b

0.22b

11.51a

11.97a

11.27a

Formic acid

0.83d

0.98c

1.25b

2.31a

2.35a

2.51a

Acetic acid

1.24d

1.81c

2.67b

2.90b

3.28ab

3.69a

Malic acid

3.15c

3.64b

4.16a

0.00d

0.00d

0.00d

Propionic acid

0.21d

0.27c

0.40a

0.33b

0.38a

0.40a

Total organic acids

5.5

7.1

8.7

17.1

18.0

17.9

Solubilized DM

24.7

30.4

38.4

32.5

38.5

41.2

  1. HTT temperatures shown in °C. Numbers are presented as weight percentages of solubilized DM, ‘Solubilized DM’ is the percentage of DM solubilized during HTT pretreatment, based on mass balance after HTT pretreatment. Different superscript letters a,b,c,d indicate significantly different values (P <0.05) row-wise. DM, dry matter; HTT, hydrothermal treatment.