Figure 5

Glycome profiling of poplar biomass samples before and after incubation with wild-type C.bescii , JWCB005 ( ?pyrFA ), and JWCB010 ( ?pyrFA ?pecABCR ). The cell walls were isolated as alcohol insoluble residues (AIRs), and the AIR was extracted sequentially using ammonium oxalate (oxalate), sodium carbonate, and potassium hydroxide (1 M KOH, 4 M KOH, and 4 M KOHPC) and sodium chlorite (NaClO₄) as described in the Methods section. The extracts were screened by ELISA using 155 mAbs directed against diverse epitopes present on most plant cell wall glycans (Additional file 1: Table S1). The resulting binding response data are represented as heatmaps with white-red-dark blue scale indicating the strength of the ELISA signal (white, red, and dark-blue colors depict strong, medium, and no binding, respectively). The mAbs are grouped based on the cell wall glycans they recognize as depicted in the panel at the right-hand side of the figure. The data represent the average of two biological replicates. The actual amounts of materials extracted in each extraction step are depicted as bar graphs at the top of the heatmaps.