Table 3 Analysis of effect of integration of ethanol production on energy characteristics (CON- conventional distillation; ME – multi-effect distillation; BTE- biomass to energy)

Concentrated SSL Flow rate (tons/hr)

135.21

Net Outputs

Bioethanol Production (l/hr)

2,555.63

2,556.35

2,321.48

2,321.48

Steam Utilities

Gross Steam Generation (tons/hr)

124.35

125.11

124.23

124.50

135.54

Total Steam Demand (tons/hr)

52.77

73.77

53.68

63.70

45.17

Total Additional Steam Utility Required (tons/hr)

18.79

39.03

19.82

29.56

Electricity Generation and Requirements

Gross Electricity Generation (MW)

13.39

13.46

13.37

13.40

14.60

Power and/or Ethanol Utilities (MW)

5.27

2.80

4.13

2.19

0.41

Total Additional Electricity Utility Required

6.08

3.53

4.95

2.99

Base Case - Coal Driven

Coal for Steam Demand (tons/hr)

2.59

5.38

2.73

4.08

Coal for Electricity Demand (tons/hr)

8.08

4.71

6.59

3.99

Required Supply (tons/hr)

8.08

5.38

6.59

4.08

Net Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential (tons/hr)

−23,159.77

−15,129.65

−18,300.52

−10,821.18

BTE Augmented Scenarios

Steam Supply (tons/hr)

75.80

75.80

75.80

75.80

Electricity Generation (MW)

10.57

10.57

10.57

10.57

Displacement of Coal (tons/hr)

−5.97

−5.07

−7.46

−6.38

Utility Causing Maximum Coal Displacement

Electricity

Steam

Electricity

Steam

Net Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential (tons/hr)

18,720.18

16,034.64

23,579.43

20,343.11

Biodigestion - Coal Driven Scenarios

Required Supply (tons/hr)

7.32

4.32

5.63

3.25

Net Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential (tons/hr)

−20,904.11

−11,951.92

−15,449.50

−8,350.75

Biodigestion - BTE Augmented Scenarios

Displacement of Coal (tons/hr)

−6.73

−6.14

−8.42

−7.44

Net Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential (tons/hr)

20,975.84

19,212.37

26,430.45

23,523.50