Table 1 Point mutations discovered in GS-evolved strain R57

NRG1

IV

137C > A (P46Q)

Transcriptional repressor, stress tolerance

Homo

UBP7 ^a

IX

2466 T > A (N822K)

Ubiquitin-specific protease

Homo

ART5 ^a

VII

454C > A (L152I)

Regulates endocytosis and turnover of cell-surface proteins by targeted ubiquitination

Hetero

SSA1 ^a

I

91C > A (Q31K)

ATP-ase, protein folding, heat shock, HSP70

Hetero

GDH1 ^b

XV

47C > T (S16F)

Glutamate synthesis from ammonia

Hetero

GDH1 ^b

68 T > G (F23C)

Hetero

ARO1 ^b

IV

1283C > T (S428F)

Catalyzes biosynthesis of chorismate leading to aromatic amino acids

Hetero

ARO1 ^b

1284C > T (Silent)

Hetero

STE5 ^b

IV

512C > T (S171F)

Pheromone-response scaffold protein, forms MAPK cascade complex

Hetero

STE5 ^b

2649 T > C (Silent)

Hetero

MAL11 ^b

VII

310C > T (P104S)

Alpha-glucoside symporter, with high affinity for trehalose

Hetero

MAL11 ^b

482 T > A (M161K)

Hetero

GSH1 ^c

X

T > A (73 bp 5′ UTR)

Glutamylcysteine synthetase, glutathione biosynthesis

Hetero

PBP1 ^c

VII

T > C (191 bp 5′ UTR)

Controls mRNA poly(A), stress granule formation and translation control

Hetero

FIT3 ^c

XV

C > T (42 bp 3′ UTR)

Iron transport

Hetero

NOP58 ^c

XV

A > T (25 bp 3′ UTR)

Pre-rRNA processing and rRNA synthesis

Hetero

YNL058C^d

XIV

7A > G (K3E)

Unknown function

Hetero

DOP1 ^d

IV

40A > T (N14Y)

Endosome to Golgi transport, ER organization, cell polarity and morphogenesis

Hetero

TOF2 ^d

XI

2141 C > T (S714L)

rDNA silencing, stimulates Cdc14p for mitotic rDNA separation

Hetero

SGO1 ^d

XV

575C > A (S192Y)

Chromosomal segregation and stability

Hetero