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Table 3 Product yield profiles based on 100 g dry OPT by the conventional ethanol conversion process (CECP) and the efficient ethanol conversion process (EECP)

From: Efficient ethanol production from dried oil palm trunk treated by hydrothermolysis and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis

 

Before hydrothermal treatment

After hydrothermal treatment

Process

Starch hydrolysis

Fermentation

Saccharification

Fermentation

CECP

Not applicable

Glc

43.5 ± 0.1

Glc

n.d.

XGM

11.2 ± 0.3

XGM

9.7 ± 0.1

Ara

1.1 ± 0.0

Ara

0.8 ± 0.0

  

EtOH

22.3 ± 0.0

HMF

0.4 ± 0.0

HMF

0.1 ± 0.0

FF

0.7 ± 0.0

FF

n.d.

EECP

Glc

25.9 ± 0.1

Glc

n.d.

Glc

25.6 ± 0.1

Glc

n.d.

    

XGM

9.6 ± 0.0

XGM

8.7 ± 0.0

    

Ara

0.8 ± 0.0

Ara

0.8 ± 0.0

    

Acetate

3.5 ± 0.1

Acetate

3.3 ± 0.0

  

EtOH

11.9 ± 0.0

EtOH

11.9 ± 0.1a

EtOH

25.6 ± 0.1b

    

HMF

0.2 ± 0.0

HMF

0.1 ± 0.0

    

FF

0.9 ± 0.0

FF

n.d.

  1. n.d. not detected
  2. aPre-converted ethanol yield during starch fermentation
  3. bFinal ethanol yield from OPT including pre-converted ethanol