Restricting lignin and enhancing sugar deposition in secondary cell walls enhances monomeric sugar release after low temperature ionic liquid pretreatment

Table 4 Percent recovered solid composition after pretreatment at 70 °C for 5 h with [C₂C₁im][OAc] at 10 % (w/w) biomass loading as a percent of starting biomass

Pretreated biomass solids recovery 70 °C 5 h
	% Glucose	% Xylose	% Lignin	% ASR
WT	94 ± 10	106 ± 14	97 ± 15	94 ± 20
LLL	101 ± 2	102 ± 5	94 ± 8	66 ± 10
LLHPL1	80 ± 10	84 ± 8	97 ± 5	59 ± 20
LLHPL2	98 ± 4	106 ± 8	89 ± 7	50 ± 3^*
Pretreated biomass composition 70 °C 5 h
	% Total solids	% Glucose	% Xylose	% Lignin
WT	96 ± 10	26 ± 4	13 ± 2	19 ± 3
LLL	80.6 ± 0.9^**	31 ± 1	13.7 ± 0.7	15 ± 2
LLHPL1	74 ± 1^*	33 ± 4	19 ± 2^*	18.1 ± 0.9
LLHPL2	70.7 ± 0.7^*	29 ± 2	17 ± 1^*	17 ± 1

Values presented as ±SD. There was an overall significant difference in % recovery of glucose and ASR (acid soluble residue, ash, and protein) in the recovered solids, F_(3,12) = 5.01, P < 0.03 and F_(3,12) = 4.07, P < 0.05. There was a non-significant difference in the % xylose and lignin recovery in the solids, F_(3,12) = 3.89, P = 0.06 and F_(3,12) = 0.44, P = 0.73. Composition of recovered solids after 70 °C 5 h [C2C1im][OAc] pretreatment. Glucose, xylose, and lignin were reported as the relative composition of recovered biomass. Pretreatment was done at 10 % (w/w) biomass. There was an overall significant difference in % total solids and xylose, F_(3,12) = 11.52, P < 0.005, F_(3,12) = 8.48, P < 0.01. There was no overall significance for the % composition glucose or lignin F_(3,12) =2.57, P = 0.13 and F_(3,12) = 3.1, P = 0.09. ANOVA with a Tukey’s HSD post-hoc test was used to determine overall statistics, and results of the comparison to WT from the post-hoc test are shown in the table
^* P < 0.05; ^** P < 0.01

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