Fig. 2

Representative substrate and product time courses of xylose-to-ethanol fermentation obtained for CBS4435 in a bioreactor under anaerobic conditions (a) and representative results from parameter estimation analysis (b). a Full circles xylose, empty circles xylitol, empty triangles ethanol, full squares CO₂ (g/L CO₂ produced), full triangles glycerol. b Full (empty) symbols indicate xylose (xylitol) concentrations. Fermentations were carried out with CBS4435 (circles) and BP000 [this study: biomass loading: 0.9 g_dc/L, 18 g/L xylose (triangles down), 3.8 g_dc/L, 18 g/L xylose (triangles up) and data from Ref. [20]: 12 g/L xylose and 1.6 g_dc/L (squares)]. Solid lines indicate best fits obtained from parameter estimation analysis