Fig. 2

Carbohydrate metabolism correlates with sludge phylogeny across samples with different dissolved oxygen (DO). Procrustes superimposition plot depicts significant (p value <0.05) correlation between CAG content (Bray–Curtis) and microbial composition (Bray–Curtis). The microbial composition is determined independently by both 16S rRNA gene sequences (left) and CAG-encoding ORFs (right). Points representing sludge samples are colored according to DO category. Position of points is determined within the dimension after Procrustes transformation. Arrows are drawn from the position representing CAG content to that depicting microbial composition. The length of the arrow line represents the Procrustes error of the transformation