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Fig. 3 | Biotechnology for Biofuels

Fig. 3

From: Bioenergetic constraints for conversion of syngas to biofuels in acetogenic bacteria

Fig. 3

Bioenergetics of acetate formation from CO in A. woodii. The reducing equivalents for the reductive steps in the WLP are provided by the CO-oxidizing CODH/ACS which reduces Fd. Excess Fd2− is oxidized by the Rnf complex which reduces NAD+ and builds up a Na+ gradient. This gradient drives ATP synthesis via the Na+-dependent ATP synthase. The electron-bifurcating hydrogenase provides the H2 required for the reduction of CO2 to formate. In total, 1.5 ATP could be synthesized per acetate produced. THF tetrahydrofolate; CoFeS corrinoid–iron-sulfur protein; CODH/ACS carbon monoxide dehydrogenase/acetyl-CoA synthase

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