From: Comparison of four outdoor pilot-scale photobioreactors
Photobioreactor | Optical path (cm) | Algal species | P x,vol (g L−1 day−1) | P x,ground (g m−2 day−1) | PEsunlight (%) | Author | Location |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Horizontal tubular | 4.3 | Nannochloropsis sp. | 0.51–0.76 | 13–19.5a | 2.3–3.5a | [19] | Italy |
Horizontal tubular | 9.0 | Nannochloropsis gaditana | 0.12–0.20 | 10.8–18.0 | 0.7–1.04a | [15] | Almeria Spain |
Horizontal tubular | 4.6 | Nannochloropsis sp. | 0.30–0.85 | 5.8–15.7 | 1.2–1.8 | This study | The Netherlands |
Vertical panel | 1.2 | Nannochloropsis sp. | 0.61–1.45 | 5.8–10.2 | 2.0–3.5a | [17] | Artificial light |
Vertical tubular | 10.4 | Scenedesmus obliquus | ? | 21.76 | 2.5a | [20] | South Spain |
Vertical tubular | 5 | Nannochloropsis gaditana | 0.59 | 15.4 | – | [18] | Almeria Spain |
Vertical tubular | 4.6 | Nannochloropsis sp. | 0.31–0.71 | 10.6–24.4 | 2.4–4.2 | This study | The Netherlands |
Raceway pond | 30 | Scenedesmus obliquus | 0.03 | 8.26 | 0.95a | [20] | South Spain |
Raceway pond | 30 | Muriellopsis sp. | 0.04 | 8–20 | 0.97–0.69a | [21] | South Spain |
Raceway pond | 12 | Nannochloropsis salina | 0.2 | 24.5 | – | [23] | Israel |
Raceway pond | 11 | Nannochloropsis gaditana | 0.09–0.19 | 22.4 | – | [22] | Almeria Spain |
Raceway pond | 20 | Nannochloropsis sp. | 0.03–0.08 | 6.2–14.0 | 0.5–1.5 | This study | The Netherlands |
Flat panel | 1.3–17 | Nannochloropsis sp. | 1.7–0.25 | 11–22 | – | [5] | Israel |
Flat panel | 10 | Nannochloropsis sp. | 0.27 | 14.2 | – | [28] | Israel |
Flat panel | 5 | Nannochloropsis gaditana | 0.16–0.36 | 8–18 | 1.74–0.31a | [15] | Almeria Spain |
Flat panel | 4.5 | Nannochloropsis sp. | 0.36 | 15.8 | 0.96a | [16] | Italy |
Flat panel | 5 | Nannochloropsis oculata | 0.15–0.37 | – | [29] | Colorado, USA | |
Flat panel | 2 | Nannochloropsis sp. | 0.9–1.2 | 20.5–27.5 | 2.7–3.8 | This study | The Netherlands |