Life cycle impacts of ethanol production from spruce wood chips under high-gravity conditions

Table 4 Global warming potentials (GWP) due to projected changes in the Danish energy mix

Process configuration	Fossil share in energy mix
	80 %	67 %	50 %
	GWP [kg\({_{\mathrm{CO}_{2^\mathrm{{-eq}}}}}\) L\({_\mathrm{ethanol}^{-1}}\)]
Base case	3.4	3.0	2.4
Highest yield at 20 % DM	2.7	2.4	1.9
Highest yield at 30 % DM	3.1	2.7	2.1

This was done for the: a. base case (detoxification with \({\mathrm{Na}_2\mathrm{S}_2\mathrm{O}_4}\), PSSF at 12 % DM and 30 \(^\circ\)C); b. process configuration with the highest yield at 20 % DM (washing of slurry, PSSF at 40 \(^\circ\)C); c. process configuration with the highest yield at 30 % DM (adaptation of yeast + extra nutrients, SHF at 30 \(^\circ\)C)

ISSN: 2731-3654