Fig. 7

Mass balances of AGO pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and ethanol fermentation. The pretreatment was performed at 220 °C for 2 h with initial solid-to-liquid ratio of 10 g/200 g. The enzymatic hydrolysis was made at 15 % (w/v) solid content for 72 h with Cellic CTec2 at 10 FPU/g dried substrate. The high-consistency ethanol fermentation was implemented at 37 °C, 120 rpm for 72 h with Cellic CTec2 using SSF (15 %, w/v), semi-SSF (with an additional 24-h prehydrolysis at 50 °C, 120 rpm), and fed-batch semi-SSF (another dried substrate, equivalent to the substrate weight of 15 % initial solid content, was trisected and fed at 8, 24, and 36 h)