Production of medium-chain fatty acids and higher alcohols by a synthetic co-culture grown on carbon monoxide or syngas

Table 3 Maximal (M) and average (A) production rates (mmol/l/day) of the co-culture compared with other pure- and mixed cultures

	Acetate	Butyrate	Caproate	Ethanol	Butanol	Hexanol	Substrate	Reference
Co-culture (M)^a	NA	8.5	2.5	NA	3.5	2.0	Acetate + CO	This study
Co-culture (A)^{a, b}	NA	4.2	0.7	NA	1.4	0.9	Acetate + CO	This study
Clostridium carboxidivorans(A)^{a, c}	0.8	0.25	0.2	3.0	1.0	0.6	CO + H₂	[6]
Clostridium carboxidivorans P7 (M)^{a, d}	47	6.3	4.6	8.1	2.7	2.1	CO + H₂	[13]
Clostridium carboxidivorans P7 (A)^{a, d}	2.3	0.89	0.48	1.57	0.53	0.25	CO + H₂	[13]
Clostridium carboxidivorans (M)^{a, e}	NA	NA	ND	16.7	4.5	ND	CO	[11]
Mixed culture on H₂/CO ^{a, f}₂	3.25	0.65	0.26	ND	ND	ND	H₂ + CO₂	[18]

^a Zero or negative rates are indicated NA, not determined rates are indicated ND
^b Average production rates in this study were calculated over the production stage with net rates above 0.05 mmol/l/day, in this way the lag phase and inhibited phase, in which there is no significant production, are neglected
^c Rates were recalculated from given concentrations assuming a production phase of 360 h. The data displayed represent the culture labeled as −Cu/+10 × Mo
^d Rates reported were originally in mmol/g protein/h and were here recalculated to the maximal and average volumetric production rates using the maximal and average value for the protein concentration and specific production rate reported, respectively. Data shown are taken from the culture growing at 25 °C in exponential phase
^e Rates were recalculated from given specific production rates in (g/g biomass/h). A value 0.2 g/l biomass was used for performing the recalculation
^f Rates were recalculated from given volumetric production rates in (mmol-C/l/day). Data displayed here represent the maximal reported production rates in different phases of the cultivation

ISSN: 2731-3654