Fig. 4

Schematic description of the model-based fed-batch design. After each 1 h simulation, the extent of cellulose degradation was checked. The process was simulated using \(\varvec{\varphi }\) values of 30, 50, 60 and 80 % cellulose degradation. The upper boundary for the instantaneous concentration of WIS (WISUB) in the bioreactor was determined to be 12–13 % (w/w)