Fig. 3

Fermentation of Ustilago trichophora TZ1 at different temperatures. a OD₆₀₀, b malate concentration for fermentations in MTM containing 200 g L⁻¹ initial glycerol and 3.2 g L⁻¹ NH₄Cl at 30 °C and pH 6.5 with DO kept at 80 %. Colors indicate different temperatures: 25 °C (triangles, black), 30 °C (squares, red), 35 °C (circles, blue), and 37 °C (diamonds, green). Error bars indicate deviation from the mean (n = 2)