The synthetic xylulose-1 phosphate pathway increases production of glycolic acid from xylose-rich sugar mixtures

Table 5 Production of glycolic acid by different E. coli strains in medium containing glucose as carbon source

Strain name	Additional deletions	Plasmids^a	Biomass	Glycolic acid		Acetate
Strain name	Additional deletions	Plasmids^a	Yield [g/g]	Final conc. [g/l]	Yield [g/g]	Final conc. [g/l]	Yield [g/g]
Pen847		pGS	0.30 ± 0.03	0.69 ± 0.23	0.06 ± 0.01	0.06 ± 0.08	0.01 ± 0.01
Pen851	ΔarcA	pGS	0.30 ± 0.01	0.80 ± 0.15	0.07 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00
Pen1042	ΔarcA Δicd	pGS	0.15 ± 0.02	2.64 ± 0.77	0.31 ± 0.05	0.93 ± 0.58	0.12 ± 0.08
Pen1100	ΔarcA Δicd	pACT3	0.08 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	4.80 ± 0.04	0.55 ± 0.00
Pen1043	ΔarcA Δicd	pX1P	0.12 ± 0.03	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	3.11 ± 0.96	0.47 ± 0.05
Pen1044	ΔarcA Δicd	pGS + pX1P	0.17 ± 0.03	3.02 ± 0.27	0.37 ± 0.03	0.22 ± 0.19	0.03 ± 0.02
Pen1048	ΔarcA Δicd ΔxylB	pX1P	0.09 ± 0.01	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	4.44 ± 0.13	0.61 ± 0.01
Pen905	ΔarcA Δicd ΔxylB	pGS + pX1P	0.16 ± 0.03	2.96 ± 0.25	0.39 ± 0.05	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00

All strains carried the deletions ∆aceB ∆glcDEFGB ∆gcl ∆edd-eda ∆iclR. Additional deletions are indicated in the table. Initial glucose concentration was 10 g/l. The mineral medium was supplemented with 2 g/l tryptone and 1 g/l yeast extract
^apGS expresses glyoxylate reductase and isocitrate lyase, encoded by ghrA and aceA. pX1P carries (d)-xylulose-1 kinase, (d)-xylulose-1 aldolase and glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase, encoded by khkC, aldoB and aldA, respectively. pACT3 is the empty plasmid. Results are presented as mean ± STDV calculated from at least two replicate experiments

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