Fig. 5
Cellulolytic activity assay of WT and various mutants. The strains were cultivated in liquid VMM supplemented with 1 % wheat bran and 1 % microcrystalline cellulose as carbon resources to induce cellulolytic enzyme gene expression. The strains were cultivated at 30 °C for 5 days. a Filter paper activity (FPA) represents the overall cellulase activity and combined activities of both endo- and exo-type cellulases. b CMcase activity represents the activity of endo-type cellulases. c p-nitrophenol-d-cellobioside (pNPC) activity represents the activity of exo-type cellulases. d p-nitrophenyl-d-glucopyranoside (pNPG) activity represents the activity of β-glucosidase. The values show the mean of three biological replicates, and the error bar indicates the standard deviation