Table 4 Fermentation of raw corn and cassava starches to ethanol under different conditions
Enzymes/fermentation microorganisms | Raw starch sources | Fermentation conditions, mode, and finish time | Fermentation efficiency (%) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
rPoGA15A and α-amylase/S. cerevisiae | Corn | 40 °C, pH 4.0, SSFa, 48 h | 95.1 | This study |
rPoGA15A and α-amylase/S. cerevisiae | Cassava | 40 °C, pH 4.0, SSF, 36 h | 93.5 | This study |
Rhizopus sp. extract/S. cerevisiae | Corn | 30 °C, SSF, 48 h | 94.5 | [45] |
Aspergillus sp. extract/S. cerevisiae | Corn | 30 °C, pH 3.5, SSF, 96 h | 92.7–94.0 | [46] |
Chalara paradoxa extract/S. cerevisiae | Corn | 30 °C, pH 5.0, SSF, 120 h | 63.5–86.8 | [47] |
Chalara paradoxa extract/S. sake | Corn | 30 °C, pH 5.0, SSF, 120 h | 81.1–92.1 | [47] |
A. niger amylases/yeast | Corn | 30 °C, pH 4.1–4.3, SSF, 72 h | 95.9 | [44] |
STARGEN 001/S. cerevisiae | Corn | 30 °C, pH 4.0, SSF, 72 h | 88.4 | [9] |
STARGEN 001/S. cerevisiae | Corn | 32 °C, pH 3.7, SSF, 70 h | 91.3 | [48] |
STARGEN 002/S. cerevisiae | Corn | 32 °C, pH 3.7, SSF, 70 h | 85.9 | [48] |
STARGEN 001/S. cerevisiae | Corn | 35 °C, pH 5.0, SSF, 72 h | 83.4 | [49] |
S. cerevisiae displaying amylolytic enzymes | Corn | 30 °C, CBPb, 20 batches (one batch for 24 h) | 76.6 | [50] |
Engineering S. cerevisiae | Corn | 30 °C, CBP, 120-240 h | 61–80 | [51] |
P. oxalicum extract/S. cerevisiae | Cassava | 40 °C, pH 4.0, SSF, 48 h | 92 | [20] |
A. kawachii extract/yeast | Cassava | 37 °C, pH 4.0, SSF, 85 h | 92.3 | [52] |
Rhizopus koji | Cassava | 35 °C, pH 4.5, SSF, 96 h | 72.3–83.5 | [53] |
Rhizopus koji | Cassava | 35 °C, pH 4.5–5.0, SSF, 288 h | 74.5–85.5 | [54] |
Engineering K. marxianus | Cassava | 42 °C, pH 4.8–5.6, CBP, 96 h | 78.3 | [55] |