Erratum to: Promise of combined hydrothermal/chemical and mechanical refining for pretreatment of woody and herbaceous biomass

Sun Min Kim; Bruce S. Dien; Vijay Singh

doi:10.1186/s13068-016-0643-6

Table 4 Comparison of hydrothermal/chemical pretreatment followed by mechanical refining and hydrothermal/chemical pretreatment alone or mechanical refining alone

From: Erratum to: Promise of combined hydrothermal/chemical and mechanical refining for pretreatment of woody and herbaceous biomass

Sample	Pretreatment^a	Milling energy (kWh/ton)^b,c	Sugar yield (%)^d	Reference
Hardwood chips	Sodium carbonate	NA	42.11 (total sugar)	[53]
	Sodium carbonate + PFI milling	360–1800	46.90–53.12 (total sugar)
	Sodium carbonate + disk milling (12 in. diameter)	698	69.51 (total sugar)
	Sodium carbonate + disk milling (42 in. diameter)	67–147	62.48–66.51 (total sugar)
Japanese cedar	Ozonolysis	NA	28–68 (glucose)	[54]
	Ozonolysis	NA	29–44 (xylose)
	Disk milling	4167–26,389	38–75 (glucose)
	Disk milling	4167–26,389	26–45 (xylose)
	Ozonolysis + disk milling	8333–22,222	71–94 (glucose)
	Ozonolysis + disk milling	8333–22,222	44–59 (xylose)
Lodgepole pine trees	Disk milling	615.9	11.3 (glucose)	[52]
	Hot water (initial pH 5.0) + disk milling	537.0	33.1 (glucose)
	Acid (initial pH 1.1) + disk milling	335.6	39.6 (glucose)
	SPORL (initial pH 4.2) + disk milling	499.3	84.1 (glucose)
	SPORL (initial pH 1.9) + disk milling	134.5	92.2 (glucose)
Eucalyptus chips	Disk milling	990	72.94 (total sugar)	[65]
	Sodium hydroxide impregnation + disk milling	630	80.77 (total sugar)
	Magnesium hydroxide impregnation + disk milling	430	91.53 (total sugar)
Hinoki cypress	Disk milling	853	50 (glucose)	[74]
Hinoki cypress	Steam treatment + disk milling	744–1489	96.8 (glucose)
Eucalyptus chips	Disk milling	408	45 (glucose)
Eucalyptus chips	Steam treatment + disk milling	192–458	98.4 (glucose)
Eucalyptus chips	Hot water	NA	50 (glucose)	[55]
Eucalyptus chips	Hot water + disk milling	167	101.7 (glucose)	[55]
Eucalyptus chips	Hot water	NA	3.1–65.2 (total sugar)	[37]
Eucalyptus chips	Hot water + ball milling	1436	45.6–66.7 (total sugar)	[37]
Rice straw	Hot water	NA	97.5 (glucose)	[62]
Rice straw	Hot water + mechanical refining	250–583	97.3–99.5 (glucose)	[62]
Oil palm mesocarp fiber	Disk milling	5250	30.2 (glucose)	[56]
	Disk milling	5250	30.6 (xylose)
	Superheated steam + disk milling	1417–3028	26.0–47.8 (glucose)
	Superheated steam + disk milling	1417–3028	24.1–42.1 (xylose)
	Hot water + disk milling	4083–4972	46.3–91.1 (glucose)
	Hot water + disk milling	4083–4972	10.1–54.3 (xylose)
Corn stover	Alkali deacetylation + disk milling (36 in. diameter)	128–468	85.9–91.7 (glucose)	[42]
Corn stover	Alkali deacetylation + disk milling (36 in. diameter)	128–468	81.1–86.2 (xylose)	[42]
Sugarcane bagasse	Alkaline + disk milling	11,111	77 (glucose)	[63]
Sugarcane bagasse	Alkaline + disk milling	11,111	67 (xylose)	[63]
Sugarcane bagasse	Hot water	NA	72.1–78.7 (total sugar)	[75]
Sugarcane bagasse	Hot water + PFI refining	NA	82.1–87.2 (total sugar)	[75]
Wheat straw	Hot water	NA	28.1–72.4 (total sugar)	[59]
Wheat straw	Hot water + PFI refining	NA	28.3–75.5 (total sugar)	[59]
Oil palm mesocarp fiber	Ball milling	NR	7.3–10.3 (glucose)	[38]
	Ball milling		12.2–14.9 (xylose)
	Alkaline		39.6–63.9 (glucose)
	Alkaline		21.1–46.5 (xylose)
	Alkaline + ball milling		97.3 (glucose)
	Alkaline + ball milling		63.2 (xylose)
Corn stover	Acid impregnation + dilute acid	NA	69–73 (glucose)	[58]
	Acid impregnation + dilute acid		55–58 (xylose)
	Alkali deacetylation + acid impregnation + dilute acid		80–83 (glucose)
	Alkali deacetylation + acid impregnation + dilute acid		76–80 (xylose)
	Acid impregnation + dilute acid + PFI refining		85 (glucose)
	Acid impregnation + dilute acid + PFI refining		75 (xylose)
	Alkali deacetylation + acid impregnation + dilute acid + PFI refining		90 (glucose)
			92 (xylose)
Corn stover	Alkali deacetylation + acid impregnation + steam explosion + PFI refining	NR	79–83 (glucose)	[49]
			50–55 (xylose)
	Alkali deacetylation + acid impregnation + steam explosion + extruder		82–83 (glucose)
			56–58 (xylose)
	Alkali deacetylation + acid impregnation + steam explosion + food processor/blending		71–75 (glucose)
			49–51 (xylose)
	Alkali deacetylation + acid impregnation + steam explosion + disk milling (12 in.)		75–78 (glucose)
			52–54 (xylose)
	Alkali deacetylation + acid impregnation + dilute acid (pilot-scale)		82 (glucose)
			80 (xylose)
	Alkali deacetylation + acid impregnation + dilute acid pretreatment (pilot-scale) + Szego milling		90–95 (glucose)
			85–90 (xylose)
Eucalyptus chips	Hot water	NA	73.19 (glucose)	[73]
	Hot water	NA	90.45 (xylose)
	Hot water + disk milling		91.62 (glucose)
	Hot water + disk milling		88.12 (xylose)
Rice straw	Disk milling	NR	86 (glucose)	[60]
	Disk milling	NR	40 (xylose)
	Hot water + disk milling		110 (glucose)
	Hot water + disk milling		84 (xylose)

NA not applicable, NR not reported
^aHot compressed water, hydrothermal and autohydrolysis are named as hot water
^bWhen energy consumption was presented as kJ/ton, it was converted into kWh/ton
^cEnergy consumption is only from mechanical refining
^dIf the exact sugar yields were not indicated in the reports, sugar yields were estimated or calculated as the ratio of the amount of monosaccharides produced during hydrolysis to the corresponding carbohydrate concentrations in the original samples

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