Hydrogen production by the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima part I: effects of sulfured nutriments, with thiosulfate as model, on hydrogen production and growth

Boileau, Céline; Auria, Richard; Davidson, Sylvain; Casalot, Laurence; Christen, Pierre; Liebgott, Pierre-Pol; Combet-Blanc, Yannick

doi:10.1186/s13068-016-0678-8

Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts

Table 2 Thermotoga maritima cultures performed in bioreactor in the presence of different hydrogen partial pressures (pH₂)

From: Hydrogen production by the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima part I: effects of sulfured nutriments, with thiosulfate as model, on hydrogen production and growth

pH₂	Time		Cells	Glu cons	Lactate	Acetate	H₂	CO₂	Acet/glu	Lac/glu	Eh	C-recovery
mbars	h		mg L⁻¹	mmol L⁻¹					mol mol⁻¹		mV	%
7.1 ± 0.4	t ₀	0.0	14.8 ± 2.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	–	–	−130 ± 5	–
	t ₁	6.7	17.5 ± 3.2	0.3 ± 0.3	0.1 ± 0.1	0.6 ± 0.3	0.4 ± 0.0	0.4 ± 0.1	–	–	−135 ± 6	–
	t ₂	41.7	127.5 ± 9.7	18.5 ± 1.0	8.9 ± 1.0	23.6 ± 1.2	44.5 ± 3.3	22.5 ± 1.8	1.3 ± 0.1	0.5 ± 0.1	−314 ± 14	91.2 ± 15.1
	t ₃	49.8	122.5 ± 9.7	19.8 ± 1.1	10.5 ± 0.5	25.0 ± 1.4	46.4 ± 3.6	23.3 ± 1.9	1.3 ± 0.1	0.5 ± 0.0	−279 ± 30	92.1 ± 15.3
71.4 ± 2.1	t ₀	0.0	14.7 ± 2.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	–	–	–	−152 ± 8	–
	t ₁	5.5	19.1 ± 2.7	0.5 ± 0.2	0.2 ± 0.1	0.7 ± 0.2	1.4 ± 0.6	0.3 ± 0.0	–	–	−151 ± 14	–
	t ₂	40.4	123.6 ± 9.6	18.1 ± 1.2	8.8 ± 0.6	22.5 ± 2.1	43.0 ± 4.4	20.0 ± 2.0	1.2 ± 0.1	0.5 ± 0.0	−409 ± 20	88.4 ± 14.7
	t ₃	46.2	118.2 ± 9.3	19.7 ± 1.4	11.0 ± 0.6	24.6 ± 2.4	48.0 ± 5.0	21.8 ± 2.2	1.2 ± 0.1	0.6 ± 0.0	−372 ± 19	91.6 ± 15.2
178.5 ± 3.5	t ₀	0.0	12.7 ± 1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	–	–	–	−161 ± 4	–
	t ₁	5.5	22.7 ± 1.7	0.2 ± 0.0	0.1 ± 0.1	0.2 ± 0.0	0.6 ± 0.0	0.3 ± 0.0	–	–	−176 ± 4	–
	t₂	38.2	129.8 ± 9.7	16.9 ± 0.8	9.2 ± 0.4	19.9 ± 1.0	39.3 ± 2.9	19.2 ± 1.5	1.2 ± 0.1	0.5 ± 0.0	−443 ± 11	90.1 ± 15.0
	t ₃	39.0	127.3 ± 9.6	17.2 ± 0.9	9.4 ± 0.5	20.1 ± 1.0	40.0 ± 3.0	19.5 ± 1.6	1.2 ± 0.1	0.5 ± 0.0	−426 ± 11	89.8 ± 14.9
606.9 ± 18.7	t ₀	0.0	18.9 ± 1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	a	–	–	–	−239 ± 6	–
	t ₁	4.4	23.9 ± 1.8	1.0 ± 0.1	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0	a	0.3 ± 0.0	–	–	−240 ± 6	–
	t ₂	41.7	96.4 ± 7.2	11.9 ± 0.6	8.9 ± 0.4	12.0 ± 0.6	a	11.1 ± 0.9	1.0 ± 0.1	0.7 ± 0.1	−449 ± 11	90.6 ± 15.0
	t ₃	48.5	96.3 ± 7.2	13.4 ± 0.7	11.0 ± 0.6	13.0 ± 0.7	a	12.2 ± 1.0	1.0 ± 0.1	0.8 ± 0.1	−440 ± 11	92.9 ± 15.4

The culture medium contained initially 25 mmol L⁻¹ of glucose and 1 g L⁻¹ of yeast extract. Operating conditions for the regulations of pH, agitation, and temperature were adjusted to 7.0, 350 rpm, and 80 °C, respectively. The pH₂, as reported in the table, were partial pressures of hydrogen maintained in the headspace of the bioreactor. 7.1, 71.4, 178.5, and 606.9 mbar were obtained with (H₂/N₂) gas mixtures: (1/99), (10/90), (25/75), and (85/15), respectively, and injected through the bioreactor at a constant total debit of 50 mL min⁻¹ under a pressure close to 1 bar. Times t₁ to t₂, and t₃ corresponded to the growth phases and to the end of the fermentation run, respectively
a indicated that, under these experimental conditions [gas mixtures (H₂/N₂):(85/15)], biological productions of hydrogen could not be determined with sufficient precision
Eh corresponds to the measurement, within the bioreactor, of the reduction potential relative to a standard hydrogen electrode. Carbon recovery was calculated as in the Table 1. All the batch cultures were performed in triplicate in bioreactor

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