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Table 2 Key WTWa parameters for corn and corn stover ethanol pathways

From: Well-to-wake analysis of ethanol-to-jet and sugar-to-jet pathways

Parameter (unit)

Corn

Corn stover

Corn farming/corn stover collection (per dry ton of corn or corn stover, except as noted)

 Direct energy use (MJ)

466a

224b

 N fertilizer application (kg)

19.4b

7.72b

 P fertilizer application (kg)

6.70b

2.20a

 K fertilizer application (kg)

6.95b

13.2a

 Limestone application (kg)

52.8a

 

 N2O conversion rate of N fertilizer (%)

1.525a

 

 Water consumption (kL)

25.4c

0c

Parameter (unit)c

Dry mill w/o CO extraction

Dry mill w/CO extraction

Wet mill

Corn stover

Corn/corn stover ethanol production

 Ethanol yield (L/dry ton of corn or corn stover)

486b

471b

496b

375a

 Ethanol plant fossil energy use (MJ/L of ethanol)

7.49a

7.36b

13.2a

 

 Water consumption (L/L of ethanol)

2.7c

2.7c

3.92c

5.35c

 DGS yield (dry kg/L of ethanol)

0.675a

0.646b

  

 Corn gluten meal yield (dry kg/L of ethanol)

  

0.147a

 

 Corn gluten feed yield (dry kg/L of ethanol)

  

0.632a

 

 CO yield (dry kg/L of ethanol)

 

0.023b

0.117a

 

 Electricity yield (kWh/dry ton of corn stover)

   

226a

 Enzyme use (g/dry kg of corn or corn stover)

1.04a

1.04b

1.04a

15.5a

 Yeast use (g/dry kg of corn or corn stover)

0.36a

0.36b

0.36a

2.49a

 Corn ethanol shares (%)

18b

73b

9b

 
  1. aBased on Wang et al. [37]
  2. bBased on Wang et al. [36]
  3. cBased on Lampert et al. [40]