Fig. 1From: Synthetic redesign of Escherichia coli for cadaverine production from galactoseOverall strategy to develop the E. coli strain for cadaverine production from galactose. The native galactose metabolism was replaced through introduction of a re-designed Leloir pathway (galE, galT, galK, galM, galP, and pgm) on the chromosome. For cadaverine production, the carbon flux toward lysine was amplified by additional introduction of the re-designed production pathway (asd, dapA fbr, dapB, ddh, lysA, and lysC fbr) on the chromosome. Then, cadaverine was produced by expression of cadA (encoding lysine decarboxylase) on a high copy plasmid. The superscripts of two genes (dapA and lysC) indicate deregulation of feedback inhibition by site-directed mutagenesisBack to article page