Fig. 4
From: Upgrading syngas fermentation effluent using Clostridium kluyveri in a continuous fermentation
Production rates of n-butyric acid (gray dotted line), n-caproic acid (gray line), and n-caprylic acid (black line) during continuous-mode operation of the bioreactor with pertraction (BP, top, operating pH 6) and without pertraction (BNP, bottom, operating pH 7). The moving average (n = 7) for the n-caproic acid concentration is provided. The seven operating phases (Table 2) are marked with vertical lines