Precise pretreatment of lignocellulose: relating substrate modification with subsequent hydrolysis and fermentation to products and by-products

Table 2 Functional groups of the lignocellulosic surface

Samples	Proportion of bonds (%)				O/C atomic ratios	Ratio of C–O to [C=O(O–C–O) + COOH]
Samples	C–(C,H)	C–O	C=O(O–C–O)	COOH	O/C atomic ratios	Ratio of C–O to [C=O(O–C–O) + COOH]
Interior
S_in	71.42	19.05	5.43	4.09	0.63	2.00
DS_in	41.93	41.83	14.00	2.24	1.25	2.58
PS2_in	37.99	44.92	13.30	3.79	1.34	2.63
PS3_in	30.25	52.39	13.70	3.67	1.49	3.02
NS_in	37.84	44.95	15.38	1.83	1.27	2.61
Exterior
S_ex	67.04	21.98	8.03	2.95	0.86	2.00
DS_ex	69.32	19.31	7.10	4.28	0.82	1.70
PS2_ex	67.40	21.64	5.67	5.29	0.67	1.97

ISSN: 2731-3654