Fig. 3
From: Impact of RAV1-engineering on poplar biomass production: a short-rotation coppice field trial
Wood structure and chemical wood composition of the RAV1-engineered poplars. a Wood histochemistry analyses of branch cross sections (5th internode) obtained from wild-type (WT) trees and representative events 3xHA:CsRAV1 OX#60 and PtaRAV1&2 KD#1. The sections, taken from the side of branches facing the main stem, were sampled after coppicing in December 2013. Left column cellulose detection by Calcofluor white staining. Right column detection of lignin autofluorescence. co cortex, xy xylem, * sclerenchyma bar 100 μm. b–f Xylem composition of WT trees and representative events CsRAV1 OX#60 and PtaRAV1&2 KD#1 after coppicing in December 2013, including cP/cH ratio and percentage of levoglucosan, total extractives, Klason lignin content, S/G ratio. Bars represent average values ± SD (CsRAV1 OX#60 n = 4, WT n = 4, PtaRAV1&2 KD#1 n = 4). g Higher calorific values of coppiced biomass obtained from WT trees and events CsRAV1 OX#60 and PtaRAV1&2 KD#1. Bars represent average values ± SD (CsRAV1 OX#60 n = 3, WT n = 3, PtaRAV1&2 KD#1 n = 3)