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Table 3 Summary of typical organics in COD values of different HTLWW samples

From: Methane potentials of wastewater generated from hydrothermal liquefaction of rice straw: focusing on the wastewater characteristics and microbial community compositions

Name mg/g COD

170 °C–0.5 h

200 °C–0.5 h

230 °C–0.5 h

260 °C–0.5 h

290 °C–0.5 h

320 °C–0.5 h

200 °C–1 h

200 °C–2 h

200 °C–4 h

Lactic acid

9.25 ± 2.79

17.19 ± 3.11

89.48 ± 2.78

71.56 ± 8.99

88.87 ± 12.07

94.37 ± 3.25

41.72 ± 4.09

96.22 ± 14.78

91.00 ± 2.89

Acetic acid

5.46 ± 1.91

48.011 ± 9.02

80.04 ± 4.01

81.96 ± 1.78

106.34 ± 2.12

139.9 ± 4.01

47.59 ± 5.84

109.70 ± 2.13

96.95 ± 2.79

Propionic acid

2.47 ± 1.20

2.47 ± 0.01

5.39 ± 0.78

7.81 ± 1.98

13.37 ± 2.01

18.08 ± 0.02

3.36 ± 1.99

6.37 ± 2.05

6.53 ± 0.33

Isobutyric acid

a

1.27 ± 0.65

1.17 ± 0.89

1.44 ± 1.78

1.86 ± 0.12

2.34 ± 1.03

1.82 ± 1.16

1.53 ± 1.89

N-Butyric acid

0.94 ± 0.02

1.53 ± 0.89

1.93 ± 0.79

3.51 ± 2.09

4.69 ± 2.56

1.12 ± 0.87

2.03 ± 1.13

1.84 ± 0.68

Isovaleric acid

2.73 ± 1.91

1.27 ± 1.78

1.38 ± 1.12

1.69 ± 0.91

1.68 ± 1.05

Pentanoic acid

1.17 ± 1.01

1.64 ± 0.65

1.21 ± 1.03

2.17 ± 0.78

1.84 ± 1.69

Sugars

383.26 ± 22.91

454.00 ± 56.08

174.65 ± 33.18

65.06 ± 3.82

30.57 ± 12.23

21.50 ± 0.17

323.40 ± 17.39

213.90 ± 22.90

107.10 ± 12.01

Total (in COD)

403.20 ± 30.72

524.00 ± 68.89

353.40 ± 43.54

232.7 ± 21.57

245.90 ± 31.76

282.50 ± 11.95

418.00 ± 14.26

432.01 ± 44.93

308.40 ± 33.49

  1. a“–” represents values below detection limit and the detection limit was 0.01 mg/L for all the measured fatty acids