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Table 1 Compositions of the untreated and pretreated JAS

From: The advanced strategy for enhancing biobutanol production and high-efficient product recovery with reduced wastewater generation

Pretreatment

Weight loss (%)

Cellulose (%)

Cellulose removed (%)

Hemicellulose (%)

Hemicellulose removed (%)

Lignin (%)

Lignin removed (%)

Raw JAS

–

47.1 ± 0.1

–

16.2 ± 0.2

–

24.2 ± 0.6

–

2%NaOH

20.1 ± 3.1

55.1 ± 0.1

6.5 ± 0.4

14.0 ± 0.6

31 ± 0.5

10.0 ± 0.7

66.9 ± 0.7

4%NaOH–3% H2O2

26.9 ± 2.2

61.5 ± 1.4

4.6 ± 0.9

13.2 ± 0.7

40.4 ± 0.4

7.3 ± 0.4

77.9 ± 0.3

2%NaOH–3% H2O2

24.8 ± 1.7

59.3 ± 0.8

5.3 ± 0.7

13.5 ± 0.6

37.3 ± 0.7

9.1 ± 0.4

71.7 ± 0.5

2%NaOH–6% H2O2

27.3 ± 2.0

64.0 ± 0.2

1.2 ± 1.1

11.7 ± 0.2

47.5 ± 0.5

5.3 ± 0.6

84.1 ± 0.5

2%NaOH–9% H2O2

28.3 ± 1.5

64.3 ± 0.1

2.1 ± 0.7

11.9 ± 0.8

47.3 ± 0.2

5.2 ± 0.3

84.6 ± 0.4