Table 1 Composition of plant biomass polymers.
From: Regulators of plant biomass degradation in ascomycetous fungi
Polymer type | Polymer | Monomers |
|---|---|---|
Cellulose | d-Glucose | |
Hemicellulose | Xylan | d-Xylose |
Glucuronoxylan | d-Glucuronic acid, d-xylose | |
Arabinoglucuronoxylan | d-Xylose, l-arabinose | |
Arabinoxylan | d-Xylose, l-arabinose | |
Galacto(gluco)mannan | d-Glucose, d-mannose, d-galactose | |
Mannan/galactomannan | d-Mannose, d-galactose | |
Xyloglucan | d-Glucose, d-xylose, d-fructose, d-galactose | |
β(1,3)/(1,4)-glucan | d-Glucose | |
Pectin | Homogalacturonan | d-Galacturonic acid |
Xylogalacturonan | d-Galacturonic acid, d-xylose | |
Rhamnogalacturonan I | d-Galacturonic acid, l-rhamnose, d-galactose, l-arabinose, ferulic acid, d-glucuronic acid | |
Rhamnogalacturonan II | d-Galacturonic acid, l-rhamnose, d-galactose, l-arabinose, l-fucose, d-glucose, d-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO), d-lyxo-heptulosaric acid (DhA), d-xylose, d-apiose, l-acetic acid | |
Inulin | d-Fructose, d-glucose | |
Starch | Amylose | d-Glucose |
Amylopectin | d-Glucose | |
Various gums | d-Galacturonic acid, l-rhamnose, d-galactose, l-arabinose, d-xylose, l-fucose (depending on the specific gum type) | |
Lignin | Monolignols: ρ-coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol |