Fig. 7

Comparison of the glycosyl residue composition of biomass AIR from cell walls of Populus wood, rice stem, and switchgrass tiller obtained by A–C GC–MS of alditol acetate derivatives; D–F the carbodiimide method; G–I GC–MS of TMS (trimethylsilane) derivatives; and J–L the HPAEC method. Data are average μg monosaccharide quantified per mg of leaf AIR from two technical replicates of each of three biological replicates ± standard deviation, n = 6 [exceptions are three technical replicates for uronic acid assay (n = 9) and a single technical replicate for HPAEC method (n = 3)]. Monosaccharide abbreviations: arabinose (Ara), rhamnose (Rha), fucose (Fuc), xylose (Xyl), galacturonic acid (GalA), glucuronic acids (GlcA), mannose (Man), galactose (Gal), and glucose (Glc). Different letters indicate significant differences between the amounts (“a” represents the lowest amount) of a particular sugar residue in the cell walls of a species across different methods (and not between different types of sugars within that biomass sample analyzed using a particular method). Statistics are one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests with significant P value <0.05