Table 4 Overview of the tolerance limits and percentages relative growth (at reference conditions) of the selected multi-tolerant strains for the fermentation experiments
Strain | Species | Osmotolerance | Ethanol tolerance | HMF tolerance | Thermotolerance | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tolerance limit (w/v %) | Relative growth at 50% glucose (%) | Tolerance limit (v/v %) | Relative growth at 7% EtOH (%) | Tolerance limit (g L−1) | Relative growth at 5 g L−1 HMF (%) | Tolerance limit (°C) | Relative growth at 39 °C (%) | ||
VMU007 | Brettanomyces anomalus | 50 | 8 | 11 | 138 | 4 | 0 | 39 | 183 |
VMU018 | Brettanomyces naardenensis | 48 | 2 | 7 | 35 | 4 | 2 | >41 | 120 |
VMU074 | Dekkera bruxellensis | 50 | 12 | 7 | 36 | >7 | 41 | >41 | 77 |
VMU079 | Hanseniaspora lachancei | 50 | 7 | 12 | 74 | 6 | 70 | 39 | 5 |
VMU095 | Kluyveromyces lactis | 48 | 6 | 7 | 19 | 4 | 0 | 37 | 0 |
VMU099 | Kodamaea ohmeri | >70 | 37 | 11 | 77 | >7 | 77 | >41 | 116 |
VMU119 | Meyerozyma caribbica | 50 | 17 | 7 | 38 | >7 | 59 | 39 | 15 |
VMU139 | Pichia kudriavzevii | 48 | 1 | 13 | 120 | >7 | 57 | >41 | 491 |
VMU184 | Torulaspora delbrueckii | 55 | 13 | 11 | 47 | 6 | 22 | 37 | 0 |
VMU197 | Wickerhamomyces anomalus | 50 | 25 | 11 | 116 | 5 | 28 | 37 | 0 |
VMU214 | Zygosaccharomyces bailii | >70 | 23 | 10 | 59 | >7 | 96 | 37 | 0 |
VMU219 | Zygosaccharomyces rouxii | >70 | 69 | 7 | 28 | 4 | 0 | 37 | 0 |
Ethanol Red | Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 50 | 15 | 14 | 102 | 5 | 33 | 39 | 150 |
CAT1 | Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 50 | 20 | 13 | 71 | 2 | 0 | 39 | 41 |