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Table 1 Stoichiometric reactions for microbial conversion of CO and syngas to acetic acid and ethanol

From: The effects of CO2 and H2 on CO metabolism by pure and mixed microbial cultures

 

\(\Delta G^{^\circ \prime }\) (kJ/e− eq.)a

 

CO + H2O → H2 + CO2

− 10

Equation 1

4CO + 2H2O → CH3COOH + 2CO2

− 19.6

Equation 2

6CO + 3H2O → CH3CH2OH + 4CO2

− 18.6

Equation 3

2CO + 2H2 → CH3COOH

− 14.7

Equation 4

2CO + 4H2 → CH3CH2OH + H2O

− 18.0

Equation 5

4H2 + 2CO2 → CH3COOH + 2H2O

− 9.7

Equation 6

6H2 + 2CO2 → CH3CH2OH + 3H2O

− 8.7

Equation 7

  1. e− eq., electron equivalents
  2. aCalculated from free energies of formation at 25 °C, pH = 7.0, and electron equivalency of moles of electron donor (i.e., CO and/or H2) reported in (Rittmann and McCarty [46])