Fig. 1

Selection of AtCESA8::SUS3 transgenic plants. a Gene construct used to generate transgenic rice plants. b RT-PCR analysis of OsSUS3 in the transgenic lines. c Phenotype observation of the transgenic rice plants at filling stage (scale bar = 10 cm). d Mature stem biomass yield per plant harvested in the year of 2015. All data are given as mean ± SD. A Student’s t test was performed between the transgenic plants and ZH11 as **P < 0.01 and *P < 0.05 (n = 3). e Correlation analysis of biomass yields between 2013 and 2015