AtCesA8-driven OsSUS3 expression leads to largely enhanced biomass saccharification and lodging resistance by distinctively altering lignocellulose features in rice

Table 1 Detection of lodging index, extension, and pushing forces of the OsSUS3-transgenic lines in field experiments

Transgenic lines	Lodging index				Extension force (N)				Pushing force (N)
Transgenic lines	2013		2015		2013		2015		2015
Vector
ZH11	170.62 ± 7.66		269.21 ± 8.47		173.80 ± 8.92		202.93 ± 7.18		1.66 ± 0.13
EV	166.70 ± 6.34		278.64 ± 16.1		178.96 ± 4.28		206.78 ± 6.97		1.69 ± 0.14
AtCesA8::SUS3
1	108.14 ± 6.13**	−37%^a	221.18 ± 7.59**	−18%	190.78 ± 3.08*	+10%	230.42 ± 4.79**	+14%	2.31 ± 0.10**	+39%
2	108.96 ± 7.82**	−36%	188.84 ± 22.72**	−30%	202.67 ± 15.59**	+17%	222.23 ± 3.54**	+10%	2.01 ± 0.06**	+21%
3	97.72 ± 8.57**	−43%	211.07 ± 11.23**	−22%	193.80 ± 11.04*	+12%	219.32 ± 3.67**	+8%	1.88 ± 0.09**	+13%
4	85.62 ± 9.24**	−50%	223.44 ± 14.06**	−17%	196.26 ± 11.28**	+13%	224.85 ± 12.46**	+11%	2.39 ± 0.10**	+44%

* and **, indicated significant difference between transgenic lines and ZH11 control by t test as P < 0.05 and 0.01 (n = 10)
^aPercentage of increased or decreased level between transgenic line and ZH11 by subtraction of two values divided by ZH11

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