RETRACTED ARTICLE: Engineering Bacillus licheniformis as a thermophilic platform for the production of l-lactic acid from lignocellulose-derived sugars

Table 2 Cell growth, sugar consumption, products, and LDHs activities of different strains

Strain	Cell density (OD₆₀₀)	Sugar consumed (g/L)			Products (g/L)					Yield (%)	Activity of LDHs
Strain	Cell density (OD₆₀₀)	Glucose	Xylose	Glucose + xylose	l-Lactic acid	Formic acid	Acetic acid	Succinic acid	Ethanol
RH01^a	6.7	–^b	113.1	–^b	73.4	20.1	6.7	0.31	5.5	64.9	0.31
RH02^a	7.2	–^b	113.7	–^b	96.9	6.7	4.3	0.22	3.2	85.2	0.94
RH02	7.5	58.6	0.72	59.4	53.3	1.7	2.1	< 0.1	1.5	89.7	ND^c
RH03	6.6	33.5	13.4	46.9	41.3	1.9	1.8	< 0.1	1.4	88.1	ND^c
RH04	6.9	51.8	12.5	64.3	56.4	2.5	2.7	< 0.1	1.8	87.7	ND^c
RH05	7.2	57.0	12.3	69.2	61.1	2.5	2.8	< 0.1	1.8	88.3	ND^c
RH06	7.4	57.3	14.2	71.5	63.2	2.6	2.8	< 0.1	1.9	88.4	ND^c
RH07	7.0	56.2	13.2	69.4	60.9	2.6	2.6	< 0.1	1.8	87.8	ND^c
RH08	7.8	57.1	18.0	75.0	66.7	2.7	2.7	< 0.1	2.1	88.9	ND^c
RH09	7.4	56.9	15.1	72.0	64.2	2.5	2.9	< 0.1	1.8	89.2	ND^c
RH10	7.1	56.2	13.8	70.0	62.2	2.6	2.6	< 0.1	1.9	88.9	ND^c
RH11	6.9	56.4	13.4	69.8	61.8	2.8	2.7	< 0.1	1.8	88.5	ND^c

The experiments were conducted in 5-L bioreactor with 2.5 L initial medium at 50 °C for 29 h. The initial concentration of mixture sugars was 80 g/L (glucose:xylose = 3:1, w/w). The cultivation was carried out at 50 °C, stirring at 80 rpm. The pH was maintained at 7.0 by automatic addition of 25% (w/v) Ca(OH)₂ using a program-controlled peristaltic pump
^aThe experiments were carried out only using xylose for 62 h
^bNot exist
^cWithout measurement

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