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Table 2 Year one (2015) and year two (2016) end-of-season vegetative morphological data and cell wall characterization of miR156-overexpressing switchgrass and the wild-type control in the field

From: Field-grown miR156 transgenic switchgrass reproduction, yield, global gene expression analysis, and bioconfinement

Year

Line

Tiller number

Leaf length (cm)

Leaf width (cm)

Node number

Internode diameter (mm)

Lignin (% CWR)

S/G ratio

Sugar release (g/g CWR)

2015

C

47.5 ± 3.7c

52.5 ± 1.1a

1.47 ± 0.02a

5.4 ± 0.1b

4.73 ± 0.08a

20.4 ± 0.4b

0.66 ± 0.01b

0.47 ± 0.00ab

T14

30.9 ± 2.5c

36.6 ± 0.6c

1.15 ± 0.02c

4.9 ± 0.1c

4.25 ± 0.09b

21.3 ± 0.2a

0.69 ± 0.01a

0.44 ± 0.01b

T35

41.2 ± 3.6c

48.2 ± 1.3b

1.34 ± 0.02b

5.1 ± 0.1bc

4.95 ± 0.11a

21.0 ± 0.1ab

0.69 ± 0.01a

0.49 ± 0.01a

T27

193.2 ± 11.7a

15.3 ± 0.5e

0.34 ± 0.01e

5.5 ± 0.2b

1.27 ± 0.03d

20.5 ± 0.3b

0.59 ± 0.01c

0.44 ± 0.01b

T37

106.0 ± 5.5b

27.3 ± 0.9d

0.73 ± 0.02d

7.8 ± 0.2a

3.04 ± 0.06c

20.5 ± 0.2b

0.59 ± 0.01c

0.49 ± 0.03a

2016

C

112.2 ± 5.0b

52.6 ± 1.1a

1.17 ± 0.02b

8.0 ± 0.2c

5.36 ± 0.07b

23.2 ± 0.1b

0.66 ± 0.01ab

N/a

T14

66.1 ± 3.7c

31.9 ± 1.1b

0.86 ± 0.03c

7.0 ± 0.2d

4.18 ± 0.13c

25.0 ± 0.2a

0.70 ± 0.02a

N/a

T35

108.6 ± 6.8b

48.5 ± 0.8a

1.26 ± 0.03a

7.7 ± 0.1 cd

5.79 ± 0.07a

23.1 ± 0.1b

0.64 ± 0.03b

N/a

T27

172.7 ± 16.0a

9.6 ± 0.4c

0.22 ± 0.01e

8.8 ± 0.3b

0.99 ± 0.03e

21.4 ± 0.4c

0.57 ± 0.00c

N/a

T37

182.2 ± 6.6a

29.8 ± 1.1b

0.58 ± 0.02d

11.1 ± 0.2a

3.37 ± 0.06d

22.8 ± 0.2b

0.58 ± 0.01c

N/a

  1. Values represent averages ± standard error. Letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) within year and trait using Fisher’s LSD. Data sets were not compared between years
  2. CWR cell wall residue, S/G syringyl/guaiacyl