Fig. 1
Total organic carbon (TOC) content of pyrolysis water (PW) as g carbon L−1 (C-g L−1) in the course of respective pretreatment procedures (from left to right): crude PW; clarified PW (adjustment from pH ~ 2.5 to 6.5, solid and hydrophobic phase removal); heat treated PW at 80 °C for 0.5, 1, and 1.5 h in open vessels. To allow comparability between the applied procedures, volume losses during heat treatment were considered and the concentrations of the indicated samples (*) were recalculated with respect to the initial volume (cf. Additional file 1: Figure S3A). Error bars show SD of ≥ 4 independent treatments and measurements