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Fig. 8 | Biotechnology for Biofuels

Fig. 8

From: Working towards recalcitrance mechanisms: increased xylan and homogalacturonan production by overexpression of GAlactUronosylTransferase12 (GAUT12) causes increased recalcitrance and decreased growth in Populus

Fig. 8

Microscopic analysis of stems from P. deltoides WT and PtGAUT12.1-OE lines. A–L Stem cross sections of the stem 20th internode from 3-month-old A–D WT and PtGAUT12.1-OE E–H AB29.2 and I–L AB29.12 lines. B, F, J Higher magnification of the late wood xylem from A, E, and I, respectively. Note that the transgenic lines appear to have more ray cells (marked with red arrow heads) within the same-sized area compared to WT. C, G, K Higher magnification of the early wood xylem from panels A, E, and I, respectively. D, H, L Higher magnification of the cell wall thickness from panels C, G, and K, respectively. M Number of individual xylem cells per 200 μm2 sub-areas within the area delineated by the black square on a, E and I. n Lumen diameter of xylem vessel cells of WT and transgenic lines. O Wall thickness of xylem cells of WT and transgenic lines. Error bars represent SD, n = 5, *P < 0.05. xy, xylem; r, xylem ray cells; xp, xylem parenchyma; v, xylem vessel; p, pith. Scale bars represent: A—70 μm; B—80 μm; C—30 μm; D, H, L—1 μm; E, I—100 μm; F, J—90 μm; G, K—50 μm

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