Table 3 Major inputs and parameters for modeling oil refinery processes
Parameters | Value | References |
|---|---|---|
Annual operating hours, h | 8000 | Â |
Hydrotreating | ||
 LHSV, h−1 | 0.22 | [17] |
 Material and energy input | ||
  H2, g H2/g dry bio-oil | 0.033 | [44] |
  Electricity, MW | 1.12 | Scaled from [17] |
  Catalyst |  |  |
   Load, kg catalyst/tonne bio-oil | 0.41 | Calculated based on LHSV |
   Life, years | 1 |  |
 Products distribution, wt% |  | [17] |
  Deoxygenated oil | 75 |  |
  Water | 18 |  |
  Off-gases | 7 |  |
 Off-gases composition, wt% |  | [17] |
  H2 | 7.8 |  |
  CH4 | 18.2 |  |
  C2H6 | 15.1 |  |
  C3H8 | 13.2 |  |
  C4H10 | 4.9 |  |
  C5H12 | 1.5 |  |
  C6H14 | 39.3 |  |
 Deoxygenated oil distillation streams, wt% |  | [23] |
  Gasoline | 21 |  |
  Jet | 25 |  |
  Diesel | 35 |  |
  Heavy oil | 19 |  |
Hydrogen plant | ||
 GHSV, h−1 | 4000 | [51] |
 Material and energy input | ||
  NG (feedstock), kg/m3 H2 produced | 0.24 | Scaled from [50] |
  Steam (feedstock), kg/m3 H2 produced | 0.76 | Scaled from [50] |
  NG (fuel), kg/m3 H2 produced | 0.03 | Scaled from [50] |
  Catalyst |  |  |
   Load, kg catalyst/tonne H2 produced | 0.12 | Calculated based on GHSV |
   Life, years | 3 |  |
  Electricity, MW | 0.15 | Scaled from [50] |