Fig. 1

Fermentation profiles of C. acetobutylicum XY16 (pSADH) in batch fermentation mode under non-regulated pH strategy (a). Comparison of intracellular NADPH of C. acetobutylicum XY16 (pSADH) and C. acetobutylicum XY16 under non-regulated pH condition (b). Comparison of intracellular NADH of C. acetobutylicum XY16 (pSADH) and C. acetobutylicum XY16 under non-regulated pH condition (c)